1 00:00:03,906 --> 00:00:05,456 All right. 2 00:00:05,916 --> 00:00:07,806 So where were you on September 11th? 3 00:00:08,556 --> 00:00:15,446 I was in Mayfield Heights on the job working at a computer. 4 00:00:15,526 --> 00:00:20,656 All right that answers what were you doing part. 5 00:00:21,636 --> 00:00:24,866 So, what did 9/11 mean to you? 6 00:00:25,416 --> 00:00:30,996 It was definitely scary. 7 00:00:30,996 --> 00:00:33,386 It meant that we needed to be prepared 8 00:00:33,966 --> 00:00:38,916 and that security should be forefront in our minds. 9 00:00:43,486 --> 00:00:48,066 Okay. Go Where were you on 9/11? 10 00:00:48,806 --> 00:00:53,776 I was on active duty working my shift on the USS Constellation 11 00:00:54,466 --> 00:00:57,466 when me and my crew members were watching 12 00:00:57,466 --> 00:01:00,216 on the Armed Forces Network the news reports 13 00:01:00,876 --> 00:01:03,056 of airplanes crashing into the buildings. 14 00:01:03,676 --> 00:01:06,706 We were on our way from Hawaii to San Diego 15 00:01:06,966 --> 00:01:10,596 and the captain came over the 1MC and told us 16 00:01:10,596 --> 00:01:12,006 that we'd be delayed getting home. 17 00:01:12,006 --> 00:01:16,156 We were sent to patrol the coast, the west coast, 18 00:01:16,156 --> 00:01:19,316 to ensure that no other flights were attempting 19 00:01:19,316 --> 00:01:20,956 to enter US air space. 20 00:01:22,236 --> 00:01:24,176 So what were you doing when you first heard? 21 00:01:24,556 --> 00:01:27,846 I think I was eating breakfast at my desk. 22 00:01:27,846 --> 00:01:30,616 I was checking email and checking the logs 23 00:01:30,616 --> 00:01:32,706 on the exchange server, I was the mail admin, 24 00:01:33,356 --> 00:01:35,466 and the television was just to my right 25 00:01:35,966 --> 00:01:40,426 and the first plane had already crashed into the one tower 26 00:01:40,686 --> 00:01:45,036 and we had the images up and watched the second plane crash. 27 00:01:45,386 --> 00:01:46,366 It was very heart breaking. 28 00:01:47,326 --> 00:01:50,086 So what did 9/11 mean to you? 29 00:01:50,936 --> 00:01:55,196 Nine eleven to me meant that you're not as prepared 30 00:01:55,196 --> 00:01:59,976 as you think you are and you can never have too much planning, 31 00:02:00,076 --> 00:02:04,016 too much contingency planning in place, too much training 32 00:02:04,016 --> 00:02:08,456 in first response and also there's circumstances 33 00:02:08,716 --> 00:02:10,186 that no one can control. 34 00:02:10,186 --> 00:02:13,326 There's always going to be disasters 35 00:02:13,756 --> 00:02:16,796 that we might not be able to fully prevent. 36 00:02:17,346 --> 00:02:20,436 We just have to be prepared mentally and physically 37 00:02:20,946 --> 00:02:26,906 to respond to those disasters. 38 00:02:27,876 --> 00:02:33,396 Okay, where were you on 9/11? 39 00:02:33,396 --> 00:02:37,306 I was down at Marshall Space Flight Center; 40 00:02:37,436 --> 00:02:39,376 that's where we work detail. 41 00:02:39,666 --> 00:02:46,046 I had just got down there on Sunday and then I believe it was 42 00:02:46,046 --> 00:02:51,186 that Tuesday was 9/11, it might have been a Monday or a Tuesday 43 00:02:51,396 --> 00:03:02,726 that 9/11 happened, so I spent the remainder of the three weeks 44 00:03:02,936 --> 00:03:09,636 down there away from my family 45 00:03:09,706 --> 00:03:11,906 and home during this 9/11 aftermath.What were you doing 46 00:03:11,906 --> 00:03:14,066 when you heard it happened? 47 00:03:14,746 --> 00:03:27,856 We were watching the TV, the link TV down there 48 00:03:27,966 --> 00:03:36,376 at Marshall waiting for our meeting to start 49 00:03:36,506 --> 00:03:38,366 and we were watching the news 50 00:03:38,396 --> 00:03:39,536 and we just saw the first plane hit the tower 51 00:03:39,566 --> 00:03:40,526 and then we kept going on from there. 52 00:03:40,556 --> 00:03:41,486 So what did 9/11 mean to you? 53 00:03:41,516 --> 00:03:42,356 It meant an attack on our country. 54 00:03:42,386 --> 00:03:43,616 It meant that our way of life was being threatened 55 00:03:43,646 --> 00:03:43,976 by an enemy. 56 00:03:44,756 --> 00:03:47,296 On September 11th, 2001, I was at home. 57 00:03:47,296 --> 00:03:49,836 I was recovering from surgery 58 00:03:50,616 --> 00:03:56,066 and when I saw what had happened my, the first thing that came 59 00:03:56,066 --> 00:03:59,416 to my mind was safety of my family. 60 00:04:00,566 --> 00:04:04,956 My wife got our children out of school so we had everybody home 61 00:04:05,286 --> 00:04:08,656 and my father had passed away earlier in the year 62 00:04:08,656 --> 00:04:10,366 so I checked on my mom. 63 00:04:11,876 --> 00:04:13,686 We were very concerned about what might happen next 64 00:04:13,796 --> 00:04:20,086 and so I just wanted to make sure that my family was safe. 65 00:04:20,086 --> 00:04:24,366 It was a very tough time. 66 00:04:24,886 --> 00:04:25,806 You can talk anytime. 67 00:04:28,096 --> 00:04:32,846 When I first heard about it, I was still at home and at 68 00:04:32,846 --> 00:04:35,356 that time they thought it was just a horrible accident. 69 00:04:36,476 --> 00:04:41,376 By the time I got to work first thing I did was find a radio 70 00:04:41,376 --> 00:04:43,556 and turn it on to see what else was happening. 71 00:04:44,336 --> 00:04:48,376 By then they knew that it was not an accident by then. 72 00:04:48,376 --> 00:04:50,206 I think the second plane had already hit 73 00:04:51,166 --> 00:04:55,576 and I remember I just knew at that moment 74 00:04:55,836 --> 00:05:00,166 that our world would never be the same. 75 00:05:01,306 --> 00:05:02,196 Okay, recording. 76 00:05:06,186 --> 00:05:08,756 One of the things that I can remember 77 00:05:08,906 --> 00:05:12,756 about 9/11 I can remember it 78 00:05:12,876 --> 00:05:18,616 like it was yesterday was I had came into work and coming 79 00:05:18,676 --> 00:05:23,906 into Building 142 at that time we had a monitor 80 00:05:24,916 --> 00:05:32,466 on which CNN was on, and I had looked up at the monitor and one 81 00:05:32,606 --> 00:05:34,136 of the Twin Towers was burning 82 00:05:35,206 --> 00:05:38,446 and I didn't think anything of it at that time. 83 00:05:38,696 --> 00:05:40,836 I was like, hmm, it was burning 84 00:05:40,956 --> 00:05:42,116 and something might have happened, 85 00:05:42,266 --> 00:05:47,006 a fire might have gotten, was set. 86 00:05:48,096 --> 00:05:54,066 And so I go down to my office and I tell my roommate 87 00:05:54,066 --> 00:05:57,236 that you look on CNN one of the Twin Towers was burning, 88 00:05:57,956 --> 00:05:59,346 I think we should turn it on. 89 00:05:59,996 --> 00:06:04,996 So, we turned it on and we watched it burn and not 90 00:06:04,996 --> 00:06:08,726 within a minute a plane hit the other building. 91 00:06:09,686 --> 00:06:12,636 So, in my mind, I was thinking, uh-oh, that's not right, 92 00:06:12,636 --> 00:06:14,906 something is not right. 93 00:06:15,656 --> 00:06:18,506 They had mentioned that one plane had hit the building 94 00:06:18,506 --> 00:06:23,986 so I thought, well, maybe the pilot got mixed up 95 00:06:24,046 --> 00:06:27,566 but two planes hitting both buildings? 96 00:06:28,476 --> 00:06:32,126 And so my instinct was I got up and looked out in the hallway 97 00:06:32,986 --> 00:06:37,196 to see if anybody else had seen anything or was there any type 98 00:06:37,196 --> 00:06:43,546 of commotion and we looked at it and my office mate 99 00:06:43,546 --> 00:06:44,586 and I thought like, wow, 100 00:06:44,676 --> 00:06:47,976 something is not right, what has happened. 101 00:06:48,136 --> 00:06:51,986 Eventually we had to go home and we went home. 102 00:06:52,406 --> 00:06:53,996 My first gut feeling was I need to go 103 00:06:53,996 --> 00:06:57,006 to the daycare and pickup my son. 104 00:06:57,236 --> 00:07:01,026 On my way home my wife had called me because she was 105 00:07:01,026 --> 00:07:04,686 in Building 500 at the time and they had mentioned 106 00:07:05,386 --> 00:07:09,156 that there was a plane that had been taken 107 00:07:09,326 --> 00:07:12,456 over by some terrorists and it was 108 00:07:12,676 --> 00:07:15,036 at Cleveland Hopkins Airspace 109 00:07:15,466 --> 00:07:17,256 and they wouldn't allow her to leave. 110 00:07:18,146 --> 00:07:20,496 And so she started crying and I told her, you know, 111 00:07:20,496 --> 00:07:24,856 don't worry about it, they'll let you leave and when I got 112 00:07:24,856 --> 00:07:29,956 to the daycare everyone was in a panic and people were getting 113 00:07:29,956 --> 00:07:31,666 out of their cars crying and stuff. 114 00:07:31,776 --> 00:07:35,656 So, I went into the daycare and my son, I think he was maybe 4 115 00:07:35,656 --> 00:07:38,326 or 5 years old and he asked me he's like, 116 00:07:38,396 --> 00:07:39,656 daddy, daddy, what happened? 117 00:07:40,126 --> 00:07:40,836 What's going on? 118 00:07:41,646 --> 00:07:45,796 I had told him that some bad men had did some terrible things 119 00:07:45,986 --> 00:07:52,656 to the country and I was coming to get you out of daycare. 120 00:07:52,656 --> 00:07:57,276 That evening eventually my wife had gotten home and we sat down 121 00:07:58,226 --> 00:08:03,956 and we watched pretty much CNN all night and just thinking 122 00:08:03,956 --> 00:08:07,476 about it and I stayed up until wee hours of the morning 123 00:08:08,636 --> 00:08:14,586 and I begin to get teary eyed because in my mind 124 00:08:14,646 --> 00:08:16,166 who would do something this terrible? 125 00:08:16,996 --> 00:08:18,816 Who would do something like that? 126 00:08:19,746 --> 00:08:23,716 But I can remember it pretty much plain as day 127 00:08:23,786 --> 00:08:31,546 and that's pretty much my memories of 9/11. 128 00:08:32,576 --> 00:08:34,246 Nine eleven was my first day at work 129 00:08:34,646 --> 00:08:40,516 and it was also my wife's first day in Cleveland by herself 130 00:08:40,516 --> 00:08:46,456 to do an interview at the Federal Building, and I remember 131 00:08:46,456 --> 00:08:51,106 when this first started and I saw it on TV it was a lot 132 00:08:51,106 --> 00:08:54,356 of shock and disbelief but I also remember 133 00:08:55,756 --> 00:09:00,146 when the second plane hit the building, you began to realize 134 00:09:00,146 --> 00:09:04,456 that it was an attack, it wasn't an accident and one 135 00:09:05,536 --> 00:09:10,416 of the first thoughts that came to mind was what else was going 136 00:09:10,416 --> 00:09:12,176 to get hit and what else was going to happen. 137 00:09:12,896 --> 00:09:16,436 You immediately thought about my wife being 138 00:09:16,436 --> 00:09:19,096 in the Federal Building and it was kind of like, wow, 139 00:09:19,396 --> 00:09:26,096 and a little bit later we heard there was a plane flying 140 00:09:26,096 --> 00:09:29,326 over Cleveland and I guess at that point, you know, 141 00:09:29,326 --> 00:09:34,786 it became very evident that there was a lot happening, 142 00:09:35,066 --> 00:09:38,656 going to happen that day, and I remember trying to get a hold 143 00:09:38,656 --> 00:09:39,826 of her, the phones were all, 144 00:09:41,996 --> 00:09:43,246 you couldn't get through on anything. 145 00:09:43,246 --> 00:09:46,476 All the cell phones were down. 146 00:09:47,396 --> 00:09:52,846 It was quite an event for me personally. 147 00:09:53,536 --> 00:09:57,896 When the airplane hit the Pentagon, 148 00:09:58,626 --> 00:10:02,716 that was really a defining moment because I had a lot 149 00:10:02,716 --> 00:10:06,156 of people that I worked with in the past that I knew were 150 00:10:06,156 --> 00:10:08,406 in the Pentagon and I didn't know exactly the extent 151 00:10:08,406 --> 00:10:09,066 of the damage. 152 00:10:09,066 --> 00:10:12,466 I knew that it was significant, but we didn't know how much 153 00:10:12,616 --> 00:10:15,176 and so I immediately thought about them. 154 00:10:15,316 --> 00:10:21,686 As I reflect back 10 years ago, you know, 155 00:10:21,686 --> 00:10:23,776 it was a very defining moment for our country 156 00:10:23,776 --> 00:10:27,826 and it was certainly something that changed all of our lives. 157 00:10:27,826 --> 00:10:30,486 Every time you go to an airport you realize how much it really 158 00:10:30,516 --> 00:10:35,476 changed the way we do business and the freedoms that we lost 159 00:10:35,476 --> 00:10:37,926 that day from that day forward. 160 00:10:39,226 --> 00:10:44,196 So it's quite an event. 161 00:10:44,196 --> 00:10:50,866 It's a shame to have lost all those innocent lives 162 00:10:50,866 --> 00:10:53,956 of the people that were killed during that event. 163 00:10:54,446 --> 00:10:59,466 None of them had anything to do with some of the anger that was 164 00:10:59,466 --> 00:11:03,166 out there that we were being attacked for in the first place. 165 00:11:03,166 --> 00:11:06,936 So, it was a horrible loss of life, it was certainly something 166 00:11:07,256 --> 00:11:10,596 to be remembered and it's quite an event. 167 00:11:13,706 --> 00:11:14,966 My name is Randy Humphries. 168 00:11:15,446 --> 00:11:17,086 On September 11th, 2001, 169 00:11:17,316 --> 00:11:19,606 I was at Michoud Assembly Facility outside 170 00:11:19,606 --> 00:11:20,996 of New Orleans, Louisiana. 171 00:11:21,786 --> 00:11:25,556 We were in meetings when I went into adjacent room 172 00:11:25,976 --> 00:11:28,826 and saw a replay of the first plane hitting the first tower. 173 00:11:28,826 --> 00:11:32,116 Of course we all congregated and watched TV for a little bit 174 00:11:32,826 --> 00:11:34,876 and we saw the second plane hit the second tower. 175 00:11:35,686 --> 00:11:37,946 We were all in horror; we were all scared for our lives. 176 00:11:38,236 --> 00:11:41,336 We immediately terminated the meeting, shut down the plant, 177 00:11:41,586 --> 00:11:42,386 and everybody went home. 178 00:11:43,146 --> 00:11:45,286 Of course, I couldn't go home I was on travel, 179 00:11:45,676 --> 00:11:48,276 and I went to my hotel in downtown New Orleans. 180 00:11:48,686 --> 00:11:51,776 I was scared because I was in a major metropolis, I was staying 181 00:11:51,776 --> 00:11:56,396 on the 21st floor of a tall building and so I hurriedly went 182 00:11:56,396 --> 00:11:59,046 up to my room, put my stuff away and came back downstairs. 183 00:11:59,706 --> 00:12:03,316 I watched on TV as all of us did as the horrible events unfolded. 184 00:12:03,596 --> 00:12:05,236 I called my family, I called my friends. 185 00:12:07,516 --> 00:12:09,546 We all watched that day in terrible horror. 186 00:12:09,546 --> 00:12:14,226 It had been years since American soil had been attacked. 187 00:12:14,226 --> 00:12:16,376 As much as I was afraid, as much as I was scared, 188 00:12:16,666 --> 00:12:18,746 I was also in the days to follow proud, 189 00:12:18,746 --> 00:12:22,076 proud of how we recovered, proud of how we came together, 190 00:12:22,496 --> 00:12:23,726 proud of how we helped each other, 191 00:12:24,326 --> 00:12:27,406 and proud of how eventually we became the strong America 192 00:12:27,596 --> 00:12:29,976 that we are again. 193 00:12:30,046 --> 00:12:36,786 The morning of Sept 11th I recall very vividly it will be 194 00:12:36,786 --> 00:12:37,766 in my mind forever. 195 00:12:38,496 --> 00:12:45,616 I was ready early for work that morning so I decided to listen 196 00:12:45,616 --> 00:12:49,966 in on NPR for the idea stream and I listened 197 00:12:49,966 --> 00:12:53,366 to the broadcast on NBC. 198 00:12:54,106 --> 00:12:57,516 Toward the end of that broadcast on NBC they alerted 199 00:12:57,556 --> 00:13:00,736 that something had happened in New York and, of course, 200 00:13:00,736 --> 00:13:04,556 later before the end of the hour they had some video 201 00:13:04,556 --> 00:13:11,876 in showing a plane running into the first Trade Center. 202 00:13:12,116 --> 00:13:14,146 I was shocked but I immediately thought 203 00:13:14,146 --> 00:13:16,276 that it was a terrorist act, but I, you know, 204 00:13:16,276 --> 00:13:17,596 I didn't want to overreact. 205 00:13:18,306 --> 00:13:21,046 I came up with a quick concoction 206 00:13:21,046 --> 00:13:24,996 that maybe they had gotten into the aviation ILS at one 207 00:13:25,086 --> 00:13:27,986 of the airports and directed the plane 208 00:13:27,986 --> 00:13:34,206 into the building on automatic pilot. 209 00:13:34,456 --> 00:13:38,636 The hour ended and, of course, I was collecting my thought 210 00:13:38,636 --> 00:13:41,096 but I didn't want to be incredible and call here 211 00:13:41,096 --> 00:13:47,856 at Glenn to Glenn and send out a false alert. 212 00:13:49,396 --> 00:13:54,696 When the next hour of NBC news started they were still talking 213 00:13:54,696 --> 00:14:00,116 about the topic and, again, they showed the videos of the crash 214 00:14:00,116 --> 00:14:04,216 into the tower and later they showed a plane going directly 215 00:14:04,216 --> 00:14:05,736 down one of the New York streets 216 00:14:06,636 --> 00:14:14,696 and then while they were showing the tower in its demised state 217 00:14:14,786 --> 00:14:21,376 after the plane had struck I saw on the horizon another plane 218 00:14:21,696 --> 00:14:26,536 up here and it made a steep maneuver bank if you want 219 00:14:26,536 --> 00:14:32,066 to call it into the tower and it ran directly into the tower. 220 00:14:32,066 --> 00:14:34,446 I saw an engine, I suppose it was an engine, 221 00:14:34,446 --> 00:14:36,746 come out the other side of the building 222 00:14:36,746 --> 00:14:39,496 and went down the street. 223 00:14:40,516 --> 00:14:44,586 At that point I knew it was a terrorist activity and I thought 224 00:14:44,586 --> 00:14:45,946 that the nation was under attack. 225 00:14:46,566 --> 00:14:48,686 So I tried figuring out what I could do. 226 00:14:50,366 --> 00:14:53,186 I didn't know if Glenn was aware of it or not so what I decided 227 00:14:53,186 --> 00:14:54,856 to do was call Mr. Bill Wessel, 228 00:14:54,856 --> 00:15:00,896 which he was the head senior manager 229 00:15:00,896 --> 00:15:03,946 for security here at that time. 230 00:15:03,946 --> 00:15:06,176 I was able to get in touch with him. 231 00:15:06,346 --> 00:15:08,626 I called, we talked very briefly. 232 00:15:08,626 --> 00:15:11,476 I told him I thought the nation was under attack 233 00:15:11,476 --> 00:15:14,506 and he said he would take it from there. 234 00:15:14,936 --> 00:15:18,836 I watched the rest of the news for that half hour 235 00:15:18,836 --> 00:15:21,056 and then maybe into the next half hour. 236 00:15:21,706 --> 00:15:23,406 I decided to drag in late. 237 00:15:23,786 --> 00:15:28,746 When I got in, of course, everyone was attracted to the TV 238 00:15:28,806 --> 00:15:34,286 if they had one near them and later we saw the collapse 239 00:15:34,286 --> 00:15:36,126 of the first tower and, of course, 240 00:15:36,126 --> 00:15:38,846 then there was a collapse of the second tower. 241 00:15:38,846 --> 00:15:40,446 At that point I knew things were out of hand. 242 00:15:41,206 --> 00:15:44,886 I guess one of my big concerns about calling Bill is 243 00:15:44,946 --> 00:15:50,126 that it's easy for 100 or 200 people to be stationed out 244 00:15:50,126 --> 00:15:53,566 and create havoc around the nation. 245 00:15:54,366 --> 00:15:59,076 The attack on 9/11 was a little more controlled. 246 00:15:59,076 --> 00:16:02,196 It looks like it was about four planes involved only 247 00:16:02,436 --> 00:16:08,256 and how has this affected me? 248 00:16:08,396 --> 00:16:12,656 For the first month or so I was walking around in a, 249 00:16:12,656 --> 00:16:16,116 I just have to admit a little paranoia, you know, 250 00:16:16,116 --> 00:16:18,786 I wanted to do my best 251 00:16:18,786 --> 00:16:22,146 to prevent anyone else from getting hurt. 252 00:16:22,696 --> 00:16:24,336 Certainly now if you get on a plane 253 00:16:24,336 --> 00:16:32,506 and you see the effect you have to get screened very heavily 254 00:16:32,826 --> 00:16:40,756 for security and that's it. 255 00:16:44,496 --> 00:16:47,056 I'm George Crawford, the NASA Counter Intelligence Counter 256 00:16:47,056 --> 00:16:49,876 Terrorism Special Agent assigned in Glenn Research Center. 257 00:16:50,766 --> 00:16:52,586 On September 11th, 2001, 258 00:16:52,666 --> 00:16:54,856 I was an Air Force officer assigned to the Pentagon. 259 00:16:55,796 --> 00:16:58,106 I remember seeing the attacks on the World Trade Center 260 00:16:58,446 --> 00:17:01,316 and felt sick to my stomach, but I knew we were 261 00:17:01,316 --> 00:17:02,936 under attack and had a job to do. 262 00:17:04,376 --> 00:17:06,166 Shortly thereafter we were under attack 263 00:17:06,346 --> 00:17:08,076 at the Pentagon and had to evacuate. 264 00:17:09,136 --> 00:17:10,336 Some of our best military 265 00:17:10,336 --> 00:17:13,686 and civilian employees did not make it. 266 00:17:13,686 --> 00:17:14,926 As a member of the Air Force Office 267 00:17:14,926 --> 00:17:17,556 of Special Investigations, we worked with the FBI 268 00:17:17,556 --> 00:17:20,796 and the Department of Defense to identify any additional threats 269 00:17:21,016 --> 00:17:23,096 and investigate the attack on the Pentagon. 270 00:17:24,136 --> 00:17:26,386 The following days we worked 24/7 271 00:17:26,436 --> 00:17:28,576 from the Pentagon while it was still burning 272 00:17:28,746 --> 00:17:31,876 to gather intelligence to respond to the horrific attacks. 273 00:17:32,846 --> 00:17:34,126 I will never forget that day. 274 00:17:34,726 --> 00:17:39,966 My heart goes out to the families who lost loved ones. 275 00:17:45,436 --> 00:17:51,106 On September 11th, 2001, I was coming into work. 276 00:17:51,626 --> 00:17:54,536 I had just taken my boys who were in the first grade 277 00:17:55,256 --> 00:17:59,096 to daycare or to school, I can't remember which, 278 00:17:59,616 --> 00:18:00,856 in Poquoson, Virginia. 279 00:18:03,276 --> 00:18:05,196 After heading into work I heard 280 00:18:05,246 --> 00:18:09,126 on the radio this terrible event had occurred. 281 00:18:10,726 --> 00:18:12,556 I went on in to Langley Research Center 282 00:18:12,556 --> 00:18:14,936 where I was the Emergency Preparedness Officer 283 00:18:14,936 --> 00:18:20,196 at the time, cut on the TV in my office, watched it 284 00:18:20,706 --> 00:18:25,276 and was immediately struck that this was not an accident 285 00:18:25,866 --> 00:18:31,296 but was a deliberate act by terrorist or people that wanted 286 00:18:31,296 --> 00:18:33,546 to hsarm the United States of America. 287 00:18:35,626 --> 00:18:38,676 I immediately went over and met with the center director 288 00:18:38,676 --> 00:18:42,446 at Langley then Jerry Creden, who happened to be visiting 289 00:18:42,446 --> 00:18:45,356 with Sam Baneri, the chief technologist for the agency. 290 00:18:47,396 --> 00:18:50,236 We had an orderly shutdown of the center 291 00:18:51,056 --> 00:18:54,296 and then had some telecons with NASA Headquarters. 292 00:18:55,586 --> 00:18:58,466 I remember that the phone system was jammed and we had 293 00:18:58,466 --> 00:19:01,866 to use some special emergency communications capability 294 00:19:02,526 --> 00:19:07,976 in order to talk with NASA Headquarters in Washington. 295 00:19:08,056 --> 00:19:11,056 What it meant for me was that this was the first time 296 00:19:11,056 --> 00:19:14,986 in my lifetime that the United States proper had been attacked 297 00:19:15,316 --> 00:19:18,006 on our soil by an enemy. 298 00:19:19,416 --> 00:19:27,976 I was very shocked, I was angry and wanted us to get back. 299 00:19:28,346 --> 00:19:30,696 On 9/11, I was at the Office 300 00:19:30,776 --> 00:19:34,376 of Government Ethics Annual Conference in Norfolk, Virginia. 301 00:19:35,946 --> 00:19:39,126 Attorney General Alberto Gonzalez was speaking. 302 00:19:39,186 --> 00:19:41,386 He was our welcome speaker. 303 00:19:42,356 --> 00:19:43,576 He began at 8:00. 304 00:19:43,736 --> 00:19:47,676 He did announce to our group that the one tower was hit. 305 00:19:48,566 --> 00:19:51,596 He continued to welcome us with his comments. 306 00:19:52,316 --> 00:19:55,646 As he spoke, the second tower was hit. 307 00:19:56,606 --> 00:19:58,696 At that point he told us he had to leave, 308 00:19:58,876 --> 00:20:00,316 he had to go back to Washington. 309 00:20:01,236 --> 00:20:03,806 He left by helicopter. 310 00:20:05,016 --> 00:20:08,096 As I can remember it, we were all told the conference 311 00:20:08,166 --> 00:20:08,916 was cancelled. 312 00:20:08,916 --> 00:20:11,476 This was quite early in the morning yet. 313 00:20:12,516 --> 00:20:14,366 We all went back to our hotel rooms. 314 00:20:14,436 --> 00:20:17,116 We were told that the tunnels were closed, 315 00:20:17,176 --> 00:20:19,936 the highways were closed, the air space was closed, 316 00:20:20,796 --> 00:20:22,646 our flights were cancelled. 317 00:20:23,186 --> 00:20:24,966 So we stayed in the hotel. 318 00:20:25,096 --> 00:20:31,106 From my window viewpoint I got to see the Mid Atlantic fleet. 319 00:20:31,486 --> 00:20:34,186 The Navy brought out the fleet into the bay. 320 00:20:34,186 --> 00:20:38,106 It was quite dynamic to see the destroyers. 321 00:20:38,146 --> 00:20:42,416 I had never seen anything that large before in my life. 322 00:20:42,756 --> 00:20:45,746 It was quite powerful, it was very frightening, 323 00:20:46,046 --> 00:20:49,036 when we figured out that this wasn't initially just 324 00:20:49,086 --> 00:20:50,106 an accident. 325 00:20:51,086 --> 00:20:56,036 I was very proud of the United States, I felt safe somewhat 326 00:20:56,556 --> 00:21:01,096 over the power from the Navy and seeing all the powerful ships, 327 00:21:02,076 --> 00:21:04,846 but I began to realize how vulnerable we are. 328 00:21:05,316 --> 00:21:08,566 At one point in my life I always felt safe in the United States 329 00:21:08,686 --> 00:21:11,136 and now I feel that we must be careful.